Neck Arthritis (Cervical Spondylosis)
This is a broad term for "normal age-related changes" in your cervical spine. As parts of the cervical spine naturally wear and tear over time, aching, stiffness, or pain in the neck may occur.
Herniated Cervical Disc
When a disc in your neck bulges or ruptures, it can press on nearby nerves. This disc issue often results in localised neck pain or discomfort radiating into your arm.
Pinched Nerve (Cervical Radiculopathy)
A nerve root in your neck can become compressed, commonly due to disc or bone changes. This nerve impingement can lead to sharp pain, numbness, or tingling in your neck and arm.
Whiplash Injury
Whiplash occurs from a sudden, forceful back-and-forth movement of the head, often in an accident. This rapid motion can strain the soft tissues in your neck, causing pain and stiffness.
Tension Headache
Characterised by a dull, aching sensation, tension headaches often originate in the neck and spread to the head. Muscle tightness, typically from stress, is a common contributing factor to this type of headache.
Facet Joint Dysfunction
The small facet joints between your neck bones allow movement. If they become irritated or inflamed, it can cause localised pain. This joint dysfunction often leads to stiffness and discomfort, particularly with head turning.
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
This condition involves compression of nerves or blood vessels in the space between your neck and shoulder, also known as the thoracic outlet. It can cause pain, numbness, or tingling in your neck, shoulder, and arm.
Cervicogenic Headaches
These headaches are a secondary type, meaning the pain originates from a problem in your neck, such as joint or muscle issues. They typically present as referred pain felt in your head.